Tham khảo Chiêm_tinh_và_khoa_học

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Zarka, Philippe (2011). “Astronomy and astrology”. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. 5 (S260): 420–425. doi:10.1017/S1743921311002602.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Bennett, Jeffrey; Donohue, Megan; Schneider, Nicholas; Voit, Mark (2007). The cosmic perspective (ấn bản 4). San Francisco, CA: Pearson/Addison-Wesley. tr. 82–84. ISBN 0-8053-9283-1.
  3. ↑ Hansson, Sven Ove; Zalta, Edward N. “Science and Pseudo-Science”. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Truy cập ngày 6 tháng 7 năm 2012.
  4. ↑ Hartmann, P; Reuter, M.; Nyborga, H. (tháng 5 năm 2006). “The relationship between date of birth and individual differences in personality and general intelligence: A large-scale study”. Personality and Individual Differences. 40 (7): 1349–1362. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.11.017. To optimise the chances of finding even remote relationships between date of birth and individual differences in personality and intelligence we further applied two different strategies. The first one was based on the common chronological concept of time (e.g. month of birth and season of birth). The second strategy was based on the (pseudo-scientific) concept of astrology (e.g. Sun Signs, The Elements, and astrological gender), as discussed in the book Astrology: Science or superstition? by Eysenck and Nias (1982).
  5. ↑ Vishveshwara, edited by S.K. Biswas, D.C.V. Mallik, C.V. (1989). Cosmic perspectives: essays dedicated to the memory of M.K.V. Bappu . Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-34354-2.Quản lý CS1: văn bản dư: danh sách tác giả (liên kết)
  6. ↑ ed. by Peter D. Asquith (1978). Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, vol. 1. Dordrecht u.a.: Reidel u.a. ISBN 978-0-917586-05-7.Quản lý CS1: văn bản dư: danh sách tác giả (liên kết)
    • “Chapter 7: Science and Technology: Public Attitudes and Understanding”. science and engineering indicators 2006. National Science Foundation. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 30 tháng 12 năm 2011. Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 7 năm 2012. About three-fourths of Americans hold at least one pseudoscientific belief; i.e., they believed in at least 1 of the 10 survey items[29]"..." Those 10 items were extrasensory perception (ESP), that houses can be haunted, ghosts/that spirits of dead people can come back in certain places/situations, telepathy/communication between minds without using traditional senses, clairvoyance/the power of the mind to know the past and predict the future, astrology/that the position of the stars and planets can affect people's lives, that people can communicate mentally with someone who has died, witches, reincarnation/the rebirth of the soul in a new body after death, and channeling/allowing a "spirit-being" to temporarily assume control of a body.
  7. 1 2 3 4 “Objections to Astrology: A Statement by 186 Leading Scientists”. The Humanist, September/October 1975. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 18 tháng 3 năm 2009. Truy cập ngày 15 tháng 6 năm 2016.
    • The Humanist, volume 36, no.5 (1976).
    • Bok, Bart J.; Lawrence E. Jerome; Paul Kurtz (1982). “Objections to Astrology: A Statement by 186 Leading Scientists”. Trong Patrick Grim (biên tập). Philosophy of Science and the Occult. Albany: State University of New York Press. tr. 14–18. ISBN 0-87395-572-2.
  8. ↑ “Ariz. Astrology School Accredited”. The Washington Post. ngày 27 tháng 8 năm 2001.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Allum, Nick (ngày 13 tháng 12 năm 2010). “What Makes Some People Think Astrology Is Scientific?”. Science Communication. 33 (3): 341–366. doi:10.1177/1075547010389819. This underlies the "Barnum effect". Named after the 19th-century showman Phineas T. Barnum, whose circus act provided "a little something for everyone", it refers to the idea that people believe a statement about their personality that is vague or trivial if they think that it derives from some systematic procedure tailored especially for them (Dickson & Kelly, 1985; Furnham & Schofield, 1987; Rogers & Soule, 2009; Wyman & Vyse, 2008). For example, the more birth detail is used in an astrological prediction or horoscope, the more credulous people tend to be (Furnham, 1991). However, confirmation bias means that people do not tend to pay attention to other information that might disconfirm the credibility of the predictions.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Pigliucci, Massimo (2010). Nonsense on stilts: how to tell science from bunk . Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226667850.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Hoskin, edited by Michael (2003). The Cambridge concise history of astronomy . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521572916.Quản lý CS1: văn bản dư: danh sách tác giả (liên kết)
  12. ↑ Evans, James (1998). The history & practice of ancient astronomy. New York: Oxford Univ. Press. ISBN 9780195095395.
  13. 1 2 Arjomand, Kamran (1997). “The Emergence of Scientific Modernity in Iran: Controversies Surrounding Astrology and Modern Astronomy in the Mid-Nineteenth Century”. Iranian Studies. Taylor and Francis, for the International Society for Iranian Studies. 30: 5–24. doi:10.1080/00210869708701857.
  14. 1 2 Stephen Thornton, Edward N. Zalta (older edition). “Karl Popper”. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 Pigliucci, Massimo; Boudry, Maarten (2013). Philosophy of pseudoscience: reconsidering the demarcation problem. Chicago [u.a.]: Univ. of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226051796.
  16. 1 2 3 4 Kuhn, Thomas (1970). Imre Lakatos & Alan Musgrave (biên tập). Proceedings of the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science [held at Bedford college, Regent's Park, London, from July 11th to 17th 1965] . Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. ISBN 0521096235.
  17. 1 2 Popper, Karl (2004). Conjectures and refutations: the growth of scientific knowledge . London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-28594-1.
  18. ↑ Cogan, Robert (1998). Critical thinking: step by step. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America. ISBN 0761810676.
  19. 1 2 Wright, Peter (1975). “Astrology and Science in Seventeenth-Century England”. Social Studies of Science. 5: 399–422. doi:10.1177/030631277500500402.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Thagard, Paul R. (1978). “Why Astrology is a Pseudoscience”. Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association. The University of Chicago Press. 1: 223–234.
  21. ↑ Hurley, Patrick (2005). A concise introduction to logic (ấn bản 9). Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth. ISBN 0534585051.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 James, Edward W. (1982). Patrick Grim (biên tập). Philosophy of science and the occult. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0873955722.
  23. ↑ Muller, Richard (2010). “Web site of Richard A. Muller, Professor in the Department of Physics at the University of California at Berkeley,”. Truy cập ngày 2 tháng 8 năm 2011.My former student Shawn Carlson published in Nature magazine the definitive scientific test of Astrology.
    Maddox, Sir John (1995). “John Maddox, editor of the science journal Nature, commenting on Carlson's test”. Truy cập ngày 2 tháng 8 năm 2011. "... a perfectly convincing and lasting demonstration."
  24. 1 2 3 4 Smith, Jonathan C. (2010). Pseudoscience and extraordinary claims of the paranormal: a critical thinker's toolkit. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-8123-5.
  25. 1 2 3 4 Carlson, Shawn (1985). “A double-blind test of astrology” (PDF). Nature. 318 (6045): 419–425. Bibcode:1985Natur.318..419C. doi:10.1038/318419a0.
  26. ↑ Matthews, Robert (17 tháng 8 năm 2003). “Astrologers fail to predict proof they are wrong”. The Telegraph. London. Truy cập ngày 13 tháng 7 năm 2012.
  27. 1 2 3 4 Dean G., Kelly, I. W. (2003). “Is Astrology Relevant to Consciousness and Psi?”. Journal of Consciousness Studies. 10 (6–7): 175–198.Quản lý CS1: nhiều tên: danh sách tác giả (liên kết)
  28. ↑ Pont, Graham (2004). “Philosophy and Science of Music in Ancient Greece”. Nexus Network Journal. 6 (1): 17–29. doi:10.1007/s00004-004-0003-x.
  29. ↑ Gauquelin, Michel (1955). L'influence des astres: étude critique et expérimentale. Paris: Éditions du Dauphin.
  30. 1 2 Carroll, Robert Todd (2003). The skeptic's dictionary: a collection of strange beliefs, amusing deceptions, and dangerous delusions. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. ISBN 0-471-27242-6.
  31. ↑ Benski, Claude, with a commentary by Jan Willem Nienhuys; và đồng nghiệp (1995). The "Mars effect: a French test of over 1,000 sports champions. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books. ISBN 0-87975-988-7. Đã bỏ qua tham số không rõ |displayauthors= (gợi ý |display-authors=) (trợ giúp); “Và đồng nghiệp” được ghi trong: |last= (trợ giúp)
  32. ↑ Giomataris, Ioannis. “Nature Obituary Georges Charpak (1924–2010)”. Nature. Truy cập ngày 13 tháng 5 năm 2012.
  33. 1 2 3 Charpak, Georges; Holland, Henri Broch; translated by Bart K. (2004). Debunked!: ESP, telekinesis, and other pseudoscience. Baltimore u.a.9: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press. tr. 6, 7. ISBN 0-8018-7867-5.Quản lý CS1: địa điểm (liên kết)
  34. ↑ “British Physicist Debunks Astrology in Indian Lecture”. Associated Press.
  35. 1 2 3 Chris, French (ngày 7 tháng 2 năm 2012). “Astrologers and other inhabitants of parallel universes”. ngày 7 tháng 2 năm 2012. London: The Guardian. Truy cập ngày 8 tháng 7 năm 2012.
  36. 1 2 Randi, James. “UK MEDIA NONSENSE — AGAIN”. ngày 21 tháng 5 năm 2004. Swift, Online newspaper of the JREF. Lưu trữ bản gốc ngày 22 tháng 7 năm 2011. Truy cập ngày 8 tháng 7 năm 2012.
  37. ↑ Plait, Phil. “Astrology”. Bad Astronomy. Truy cập ngày 13 tháng 3 năm 2014.
  38. 1 2 editor, Michael Shermer, (2002). The Skeptic encyclopedia of pseudoscience. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. tr. 241. ISBN 1-57607-653-9.Quản lý CS1: dấu chấm câu dư (liên kết) Quản lý CS1: văn bản dư: danh sách tác giả (liên kết)
  39. ↑ Samuels, Andrew (1990). Jung and the post-Jungians. London: Tavistock/Routledge. tr. 80. ISBN 0-203-35929-1.
  40. 1 2 3 Nickerson, Raymond S. Nickerson (1998). “Confirmation Bias: A Ubiquitous Phenomenon in Many Guises”. Review of General Psychology. 2. 2 (2): 175–220. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.2.175.
  41. ↑ Eysenck, H.J.; Nias, D.K.B. (1984). Astrology: science or superstition?. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-022397-5.
  42. ↑ Gonzalez, edited by Jean-Paul Caverni, Jean-Marc Fabre, Michel (1990). Cognitive biases. Amsterdam: North-Holland. ISBN 0-444-88413-0.Quản lý CS1: văn bản dư: danh sách tác giả (liên kết)
  43. ↑ Paul, Annie Murphy (2005). The cult of personality testing: how personality tests are leading us to miseducate our children, mismanage our companies, and misunderstand ourselves (ấn bản 1). New York, N.Y.: Free Press. ISBN 0-7432-8072-5.
  44. 1 2 3 4 Rogers, P.; Soule, J. (ngày 5 tháng 3 năm 2009). “Cross-Cultural Differences in the Acceptance of Barnum Profiles Supposedly Derived From Western Versus Chinese Astrology”. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 40 (3): 381–399. doi:10.1177/0022022109332843. The Barnum effect is a robust phenomenon, having been demonstrated in clinical, occupational, educational, forensic, and military settings as well as numerous ostensibly paranormal contexts (Dickson & Kelly, 1985; Furnham & Schofield, 1987; Snyder, Shenkel & Lowery, 1977; Thiriart, 1991). In the first Barnum study, Forer (1949) administered, astrological believers deemed a Barnum profile supposedly derived from astrology was a better description of their own personality than did astrological skeptics. This was true regardless of the respondent's ethnicity or apparent profile source. This reinforces still further the view that individuals who endorse astrological beliefs are prone to judging the legitimacy and usefulness of horoscopes according to their a priori expectations.
  45. ↑ Wunder, Edgar (ngày 1 tháng 12 năm 2003). “Self-attribution, sun-sign traits, and the alleged role of favourableness as a moderator variable: long-term effect or artefact?”. Personality and Individual Differences. 35 (8): 1783–1789. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00002-3. The effect was replicated several times (Eysenck & Nias 1981,1982; Fichten & Sunerton, 1983; Jackson, 1979; Kelly, 1982; Smithers and Cooper, 1978), even if no reference to astrology was made until the debriefing of the subjects (Hamilton, 1995; Van Rooij, 1994, 1999), or if the data were gathered originally for a purpose that has nothing to do with astrology (Clarke, Gabriels, and Barnes, 1996; Van Rooij, Brak, & Commandeur, 1988), but the effect is stronger when a cue is given to the subjects that the study is about astrology (Van Rooij 1994). Early evidence for sun-sign derived self-attribution effects has already been reported by Silverman (1971) and Delaney & Woodyard (1974). In studies with subjects unfamiliar with the meaning of the astrological sun-sign symbolism, no effect was observed (Fourie, 1984; Jackson & Fiebert, 1980; Kanekar & Mukherjee, 1972; Mohan, Bhandari, & Meena, 1982; Mohan and Gulati, 1986; Saklofske, Kelly, & McKerracher, 1982; Silverman & Whitmer, 1974; Veno & Pamment, 1979).
  46. 1 2 3 Cary J. Nederman; James Wray Goulding (Winter 1981). “Popular Occultism and Critical Social Theory: Exploring Some Themes in Adorno's Critique of Astrology and the Occult”. Sociological Analysis. 42. Đã bỏ qua tham số không rõ |lastauthoramp= (gợi ý |name-list-style=) (trợ giúp)
  47. ↑ Theodor W. Adorno (Spring 1974). “The Stars Down to Earth: The Los Angeles Times Astrology Column”. Telos. 1974 (19): 13–90. doi:10.3817/0374019013.
  48. 1 2 3 Jackson, T. (ngày 20 tháng 12 năm 2011). “When balance is bias”. BMJ. 343 (dec19 2): d8006–d8006. doi:10.1136/bmj.d8006.
  49. ↑ Robbins, Martin (ngày 24 tháng 1 năm 2011). “Astrologers angered by stars”. The Guardian. Truy cập ngày 7 tháng 9 năm 2013.
  50. ↑ Science and Technology Indicators 2014 (PDF). National Science Foundation.

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